مراجعة سريعة للأزمنة في اللغة الانكليزية

انصف انثانث انثانىي إعداد ان دًرش : عهي انروبة
يراجعة : يسهى ق بًاز
The future tense
انسين ان سًتقبم
THE USE OF "WILL" AND "BE GOING TO"
will + inf
be going to + inf

استخذاو ان سًتقبم نهت بُىء : Prediction
To predict future events we use :
1- will + inf : to express our opinions and beliefs about the future

I think television will disappear in the future .

2- be going to + inf : to talk about a future event that we can predict from a present situation

The sky is cloudy. It is going to rain.
She is pregnant; she is going to have a baby.

استخذاو انصيغ انتي تعبر ع ان سًتقبم

To speak about the future we use :
1- will + inf : when we take a sudden decision, at the moment of speaking

I have a headache. I think I'll lie down.
I will travel to Aleppo tomorrow.
2- be going to : to express a future intention to do something
I am going to study medicine at the university.

Tomorrow is a holiday. I am going to stay in bed till 10 a.m.

3- The present continuous : to talk about future events that we have already arranged .

I'm getting married next June .

4- The simple present : to talk about official events or timetables which we can not change

The bus arrives at 6 p.m.
The second semester begins after Ramadan.

1

Third Secondary Class ( Scientific & Literary )
يبني نه عًهىو
يبني نه جًهىل
أيثهة
طريقة تشكيم ان بًني
نه جًهىل
حاضر بسيط

تصريف أول

am
is + p.p
are

I drink coffee
coffee is drunk

1- حَذد ان فًعىل به في انج هًة
ان بً يُة نه عًهىو و ضَعه في بذاية
انج هًة ان بً يُة نه جًهىل.

2- ثى ظَُر إنى زي انج هًة
ان بً يُة نه عًهىو

3- و شَكم فَس انسي ي فعم
انكىٌ

4- ثى ضَيف تصريف ثانث يٍ
انفعم

ياضي بسيط

تصريف ثاٌ

was
+ p.p
were

I drank coffee
coffee was drunk

حاضر يست رً

am
is + v ing
are

am
is being + p.p
are

I am drinking coffee
coffee is being drunk

ياضي يست رً

was
+ v ing
were

was
being + p.p
were

I was drinking coffee
coffee was being drunk

حاضر تاو

have
+ p.p
has

have
Been + p.p
has

I have drunk coffee
coffee has been drunk

ياضي تاو

had + p.p

had been + p.p

I had drunk coffee
coffee had been drunk

يستقبم بسيط

Will + يصذر بسيط

will be + p.p

I will drink coffee
coffee will be drunk

be going to + يصذر

be going to + be + p.p

أيثهة

can
could
may
might + م صدر

should
must

can
could
may
might + be + p.p
should
must

I should solve this problem

This problem should be solved.
He may write a letter.
A letter may be written.
2

The Simple Past
The Present Perfect Continuous
The present Perfect
The Past Perfect

The simple past : is the second conjugation of the verb
1- It is used to express an action which happened at a known time in the past
I visited Apamea last year.
We use the following adverbs with this tense : ( last ----- - yesterday - ----- ago - the name of a past year 2000 )
2- It used to express an action which began and finished in the past
I worked very hard when I was in Dubai .

The present perfect continuous : have been + p.p
has
1- It is used to express an action which began in the past and is continuing until now and may
extend into the future. ( with activity verbs )
I have been studying for three hours.
He has been sleeping since 7 o'clock.
It has been raining all the night.
Adverbs used with this tense : ( all-recently-lately )
2- With these verbs ( work / live / teach ) when the action began in the past and is continuing until now and may continue in the future we can use both the present perfect continuous or present perfect. Both are correct.

The present perfect:
1- It is used to express an action which began in the past and is continuing until now and may
continue in the future. (with certain verbs which do not express action )

like / be / know / have (when it means possess)

He has been here for two weeks.
I have known him since 1999.

2- To express an action which happened at unknown time in the past and we are concerned about its
result at present. I have seen the Titanic .

3- حا ضر ت ام since ما ضي ب س يط

since ما ضي ب س يط حا ضر ت ام

My father has worked for the same company since he left the university .
4- We also use the present perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the
past at different times.

I have visited America several times

3

The past perfect
form : had + p.p

1- It is used to express a past action which happened before another past action. The action which happened first should be in the past perfect; the action which happened later should be in the simple past.
The train left at 9am. We arrived at 9.15am.
When we arrived, the train had left.
I had had breakfast before I went to school.
By the time I got to the station the train had left.
You had studied English before you moved to New York.
2- An action which took place before a certain time in the past.
I had never been to the opera before last night.

The past continuous

1- It is to express an event which was in progress when another event happened. We often use the past continuous tense with the simple past tense. We use the past continuous tense to express a long action. And we use the simple past tense to express a short action that happens in the middle of the long action. We can join the two ideas with when or while.
An action that was in progress when something else happened .
While I was walking in the street, it began to rain.
I was studying English when you called.
2- An action which was going on at a certain time in the past.
Last night at this time I was studying.
3- Two or more actions which were happening at the same time in the past .
Two actions in progress at the same time.
While I was reading , my brother was watching TV.
4

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